[23] Landis SH, Murray T, Bolden S. Cancer à l’alcool en France. Bull Epid Heb 2006;
[51] Smith EM, Ritchie JM, Summersgill KF,
statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 1998;48:595-604.
[24] Ho T, Wei Q, sturgis EM. Epidemiology of
carcinogen metabolism genes and risk of
squamous cell carcinoma of the head and
neck. Head Neck 2007;29(7):682-99.
[25] Gattas GJ, de Carvalho MB, Siraque MS,
Curioni OA, Kohler P, Eluf-Neto J et al.
Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1,
GSTM1, and GSTT1 associated with head and
neck cancer. Head Neck 2006;28:819-26.
[26] Cheng L, Sturgis EM, Eicher SA, Char D, Spitz
MR, Wei Q. Glutathione-S-transferase poly-
morphisms and risk of squamous cell
carcinoma of the head and neck. Int J
Cancer 1999;84:220-4.
[27] Cheng L, Eicher SA, Cuo Z. Reduced DNA
repair capacity in head and neck cancer
patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
1998;7:465-8.
[28] Wang LE, Sturgis EM, Eicher SA, Spitz MR,
Hong WK, Wei Q. Mutation sensitivity to
benzo(()pyrene diol epoxide and the risk of
squamous cell carcinoma of the head and
neck. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4:1773-8.
[29] Wei Q, Eicher SA, Guan Y, Cheng L, Xu J,
Young LN et al. Reduced expression of
hMLH1 and hGTBP/hMSH6: a risk factor for
head and neck cancer. Cancer Epidemiol
Biomarkers Prev 1998;7:309-14.
[30] Sturgis EM, Castillo EJ, Li L, Eicher SA,
Clayman GL, Strom SS et al. Polymorphisms
of DNA repair gene XRCC1 in squamous cell
carcinoma of the head and neck. Carcino-
genesis 1999;20:2125-9.
[31] Dizdaroglu M. Chemical detection of free
radical-induced damage to DNA. Free
radical Biol Med 1991;10:225-42.
[32] Hollstein M, Sidransky D, Vogelstein B,
Harris CC. p53 mutations in human cancers.
Science 1991;253:49-53.
[33] Blons H, Radicella JP, Laccourreye O, Brasnu
D, Beaune P, Boiteux S et al. Frequent allelic
loss at chromosome 3p distinct from genetic
alterations of the 8-oxoguanine DNA glyco-
sylase 1 gene in head and neck cancer. Mol
Carcinog 1999;26:254-60.
[34] Fan CY, Liu KL, Huang HY, Barnes EL,
Swalsky PA, Bakker A et al. Frequent allelic
imbalance and loss of protein expression of
the DNA repair gene hOGG1 in head and
neck squamous cell carcinoma. Lab Invest
2001;81:1429-38.
[35] Dhenault A, Boiteux S, Radicella JP. Geno-
mic structure and promoter characterization
of the human 8-OH-guanine glycosylase
gene (OGG1) gene. GenBank accession AJ.
131341, 1999.
[36] Arwidson P, Léon C, Guillemont J. Consom-
mation annuelle d’alcool déclarée, France,
2005. Bull Epid Heb 2006;34–35:225-8.
[37] Canarelli T, Cadet-Tairou A, Palle C. Indica-
teurs de la morbidité et de la mortalité liées
tome 37 > n89 > septembre 2008
34–35:252-5.
[38] Hill C. Epidémiologie des cancers des voies
aérodigestives supérieures. Bull Cancer
2000;5:5-8.
[39] Riedel F, Goessler U, Hormann K. Alcohol-
related diseases of the mouth and throat.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol
2003;17:543-55.
[40] Boffetta P, Hashibe M. Alcohol and cancer.
Lancet Oncol 2006;7:149-56.
[41] International Agency for Research on
cancer. Mechanistic consideration in the
molecular epidemiology of head and neck
cancer. IARC monographs on the evaluation
of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to
humans, Volume 40. Lyon: IARC; 2004.
pp. 393–414.
[42] Maier H, Sennewald E, Heller GF, Weidaner
H. Chronic alcohol cosumption; the key risk
factor for pharyngeal cancer. Otolaryngol
Head and Neck Surg 1994;110:168-73.
[43] Franceschi S, Talamini R, Barra S, Baron AE,
Negri E, Bidoli E et al. Smoking and drinking
in relation to cancers of the oral cavity,
pharynx, larynx, and esophagus in northen
Italy. Cancer Res 1990;50:6502-7.
[44] Rothman KJ, Keller AZ. Effect of the joint
exposure to alcohol and tobacco on the risk
of cancer of the mouth and pharynx. J Chron
Dis 1973;25:711-6.
[45] Tuyns AJ, Esteve J, Raymont L, Berrino F,
Benhamou E, Blanchet F et al. Cancer of the
larynx/hypopharynx, tobacco and alcohol:
IARC international case-control study in
Turin and Varese (Italy), Zaragoza and
Navarra (Spain), Geneva (Switzerland) and
Calvados (France). Int J Cancer 1988;41:
483-91.
[46] Guenel P, Brugère J, Leclerc A, Luce D,
Rodriguez J. Etude des risques liés à la
consommation d’alcool, sur une série de
cas français de cancer des voies aérodiges-
tives supérieures. Haut comité d’étude et
d’information sur l’alcoolisme 1986;4:
253-64.
[47] Ogden GR. Alcohol and oral cancer. Alcohol
2005;35:169-73.
[48] Gillison ML, Koch WM, Capone RB, Spafford
M, Westra WH, Wu L et al. Evidence for a
causal association between human papillo-
mavirus and a subset of head and neck
cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:709-20.
[49] Mork J, Lie AK, Glattre E, Hallmans G, Jellum
E, Koskela P et al. Human papillomavirus
infection as a risk factor for squamous-cell
carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J
Med 2001;344:1125-31.
[50] Miller CS, Jhonstone BM. Human papilloma-
virus as a risk factor for oral squamous cell
carcinoma: a meta analysis, 1982–1997.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
Endod 2001;91:622-35.
Hoffman HT, Wang DH, Huagen TH et al.
Human papillomavirus in oral exfoliated
cells and risk of head and neck cancer.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:449-55.
[52] Hobbs CG, Birchall MA. Human papilloma-
virus infection in the aetiology of laryngeal
carcinoma. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head
Neck Surg 2004;12:88-92.
[53] Shima K, Kobayashi I, Saito I, Kiyoshima T,
Matsuo K, Ozeki S et al. Incidence of human
papillomavirus 16 and 18 infection and P53
mutation in patients with oral squamous cell
carcinoma in Japan. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg
2000;38:445-50.
[54] Park NH, Li SL, Xie JF, Cheerick HM. In vitro
and animal studies of the role of viruses in
oral carcinogenesis. Oral Oncol Eur J Cancer
1992;28:145-52.
[55] Almadori G, Paludetti G, Cerullo M, Ottaviani
F, d’Alatri L. Marijuana smoking as a
possible cause of tongue carcinoma in
young patients. J Laryngol Otology
1990;104:896-9.
[56] Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Spitz MR. Mar-
ijuana use and increased risk of squamous
cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer
Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999;8:1017-8.
[57] Carriot, Sasco AJ. Cannabis and cancer. Rev
Epidemiol Sante Publique 2000;48:473-83.
[58] Maier H, Zoller J, Hermann A, Kreiss M,
Heller WD. Dental status and oral hygiene in
patients with head and neck cancer.
O t o l ar y n go l He ad a n d N e c k S u r g
1993;103:655-61.
[59] Zheng T, Boyle P, Hu HF. Dentition, oral
hygiene, and risk of oral cancer: a case-
control study in the Beijing People’s
Republic of China. Cancer Causes Control
1990;1:235-42.
[60] Rogers MA, Thomas DB, Davis S, Vaughan
TL, Nevissi AE. A case control study of
element levels and cancer of the upper
aerodigestive tract. Cancer Epidemiol Bio-
markers Prev 1993;2:305-12.
[61] Wald N, Retinol, Beta-carotene and cancer.
Cancer Surv 1987;6:635-51.
[62] Block G. Vitamin C and cancer prevention:
the epidemiologic evidence. Am J Clin Wutz
1991;53(suppl):270-82.
[63] Seidman MD, Quirk WS, Shirwany NA.
Reactive oxygen metabolites, antioxidants
and head and neck cancer. Head Neck
1999;21:467-79.
[64] Franco EL, Kowalski LP, Olivieira BV, Curado
MP, Pereira RN, Silva ME et al. Risk factors
for oral cancer in Brazil: a case-control study.
Int J Cancer 1989;43:992-1000.
[65] Mackerras D, Buffler PA, Randall DE, Nicha-
man MZ, Pickle LW, Mason TJ. Carotene
intake and the risk of laryngeal cancer in
coastal Texas. Am J Epidemiol 1988;128:
980-8.
1239 Revue systématique
CA Righini, A Karkas, N Morel, E Soriano, E Reyt
[51] Smith EM, Ritchie JM, Summersgill KF,
statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 1998;48:595-604.
[24] Ho T, Wei Q, sturgis EM. Epidemiology of
carcinogen metabolism genes and risk of
squamous cell carcinoma of the head and
neck. Head Neck 2007;29(7):682-99.
[25] Gattas GJ, de Carvalho MB, Siraque MS,
Curioni OA, Kohler P, Eluf-Neto J et al.
Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1,
GSTM1, and GSTT1 associated with head and
neck cancer. Head Neck 2006;28:819-26.
[26] Cheng L, Sturgis EM, Eicher SA, Char D, Spitz
MR, Wei Q. Glutathione-S-transferase poly-
morphisms and risk of squamous cell
carcinoma of the head and neck. Int J
Cancer 1999;84:220-4.
[27] Cheng L, Eicher SA, Cuo Z. Reduced DNA
repair capacity in head and neck cancer
patients. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
1998;7:465-8.
[28] Wang LE, Sturgis EM, Eicher SA, Spitz MR,
Hong WK, Wei Q. Mutation sensitivity to
benzo(()pyrene diol epoxide and the risk of
squamous cell carcinoma of the head and
neck. Clin Cancer Res 1998;4:1773-8.
[29] Wei Q, Eicher SA, Guan Y, Cheng L, Xu J,
Young LN et al. Reduced expression of
hMLH1 and hGTBP/hMSH6: a risk factor for
head and neck cancer. Cancer Epidemiol
Biomarkers Prev 1998;7:309-14.
[30] Sturgis EM, Castillo EJ, Li L, Eicher SA,
Clayman GL, Strom SS et al. Polymorphisms
of DNA repair gene XRCC1 in squamous cell
carcinoma of the head and neck. Carcino-
genesis 1999;20:2125-9.
[31] Dizdaroglu M. Chemical detection of free
radical-induced damage to DNA. Free
radical Biol Med 1991;10:225-42.
[32] Hollstein M, Sidransky D, Vogelstein B,
Harris CC. p53 mutations in human cancers.
Science 1991;253:49-53.
[33] Blons H, Radicella JP, Laccourreye O, Brasnu
D, Beaune P, Boiteux S et al. Frequent allelic
loss at chromosome 3p distinct from genetic
alterations of the 8-oxoguanine DNA glyco-
sylase 1 gene in head and neck cancer. Mol
Carcinog 1999;26:254-60.
[34] Fan CY, Liu KL, Huang HY, Barnes EL,
Swalsky PA, Bakker A et al. Frequent allelic
imbalance and loss of protein expression of
the DNA repair gene hOGG1 in head and
neck squamous cell carcinoma. Lab Invest
2001;81:1429-38.
[35] Dhenault A, Boiteux S, Radicella JP. Geno-
mic structure and promoter characterization
of the human 8-OH-guanine glycosylase
gene (OGG1) gene. GenBank accession AJ.
131341, 1999.
[36] Arwidson P, Léon C, Guillemont J. Consom-
mation annuelle d’alcool déclarée, France,
2005. Bull Epid Heb 2006;34–35:225-8.
[37] Canarelli T, Cadet-Tairou A, Palle C. Indica-
teurs de la morbidité et de la mortalité liées
tome 37 > n89 > septembre 2008
34–35:252-5.
[38] Hill C. Epidémiologie des cancers des voies
aérodigestives supérieures. Bull Cancer
2000;5:5-8.
[39] Riedel F, Goessler U, Hormann K. Alcohol-
related diseases of the mouth and throat.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol
2003;17:543-55.
[40] Boffetta P, Hashibe M. Alcohol and cancer.
Lancet Oncol 2006;7:149-56.
[41] International Agency for Research on
cancer. Mechanistic consideration in the
molecular epidemiology of head and neck
cancer. IARC monographs on the evaluation
of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to
humans, Volume 40. Lyon: IARC; 2004.
pp. 393–414.
[42] Maier H, Sennewald E, Heller GF, Weidaner
H. Chronic alcohol cosumption; the key risk
factor for pharyngeal cancer. Otolaryngol
Head and Neck Surg 1994;110:168-73.
[43] Franceschi S, Talamini R, Barra S, Baron AE,
Negri E, Bidoli E et al. Smoking and drinking
in relation to cancers of the oral cavity,
pharynx, larynx, and esophagus in northen
Italy. Cancer Res 1990;50:6502-7.
[44] Rothman KJ, Keller AZ. Effect of the joint
exposure to alcohol and tobacco on the risk
of cancer of the mouth and pharynx. J Chron
Dis 1973;25:711-6.
[45] Tuyns AJ, Esteve J, Raymont L, Berrino F,
Benhamou E, Blanchet F et al. Cancer of the
larynx/hypopharynx, tobacco and alcohol:
IARC international case-control study in
Turin and Varese (Italy), Zaragoza and
Navarra (Spain), Geneva (Switzerland) and
Calvados (France). Int J Cancer 1988;41:
483-91.
[46] Guenel P, Brugère J, Leclerc A, Luce D,
Rodriguez J. Etude des risques liés à la
consommation d’alcool, sur une série de
cas français de cancer des voies aérodiges-
tives supérieures. Haut comité d’étude et
d’information sur l’alcoolisme 1986;4:
253-64.
[47] Ogden GR. Alcohol and oral cancer. Alcohol
2005;35:169-73.
[48] Gillison ML, Koch WM, Capone RB, Spafford
M, Westra WH, Wu L et al. Evidence for a
causal association between human papillo-
mavirus and a subset of head and neck
cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000;92:709-20.
[49] Mork J, Lie AK, Glattre E, Hallmans G, Jellum
E, Koskela P et al. Human papillomavirus
infection as a risk factor for squamous-cell
carcinoma of the head and neck. N Engl J
Med 2001;344:1125-31.
[50] Miller CS, Jhonstone BM. Human papilloma-
virus as a risk factor for oral squamous cell
carcinoma: a meta analysis, 1982–1997.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol
Endod 2001;91:622-35.
Hoffman HT, Wang DH, Huagen TH et al.
Human papillomavirus in oral exfoliated
cells and risk of head and neck cancer.
J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:449-55.
[52] Hobbs CG, Birchall MA. Human papilloma-
virus infection in the aetiology of laryngeal
carcinoma. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head
Neck Surg 2004;12:88-92.
[53] Shima K, Kobayashi I, Saito I, Kiyoshima T,
Matsuo K, Ozeki S et al. Incidence of human
papillomavirus 16 and 18 infection and P53
mutation in patients with oral squamous cell
carcinoma in Japan. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg
2000;38:445-50.
[54] Park NH, Li SL, Xie JF, Cheerick HM. In vitro
and animal studies of the role of viruses in
oral carcinogenesis. Oral Oncol Eur J Cancer
1992;28:145-52.
[55] Almadori G, Paludetti G, Cerullo M, Ottaviani
F, d’Alatri L. Marijuana smoking as a
possible cause of tongue carcinoma in
young patients. J Laryngol Otology
1990;104:896-9.
[56] Zhang ZF, Morgenstern H, Spitz MR. Mar-
ijuana use and increased risk of squamous
cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Cancer
Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999;8:1017-8.
[57] Carriot, Sasco AJ. Cannabis and cancer. Rev
Epidemiol Sante Publique 2000;48:473-83.
[58] Maier H, Zoller J, Hermann A, Kreiss M,
Heller WD. Dental status and oral hygiene in
patients with head and neck cancer.
O t o l ar y n go l He ad a n d N e c k S u r g
1993;103:655-61.
[59] Zheng T, Boyle P, Hu HF. Dentition, oral
hygiene, and risk of oral cancer: a case-
control study in the Beijing People’s
Republic of China. Cancer Causes Control
1990;1:235-42.
[60] Rogers MA, Thomas DB, Davis S, Vaughan
TL, Nevissi AE. A case control study of
element levels and cancer of the upper
aerodigestive tract. Cancer Epidemiol Bio-
markers Prev 1993;2:305-12.
[61] Wald N, Retinol, Beta-carotene and cancer.
Cancer Surv 1987;6:635-51.
[62] Block G. Vitamin C and cancer prevention:
the epidemiologic evidence. Am J Clin Wutz
1991;53(suppl):270-82.
[63] Seidman MD, Quirk WS, Shirwany NA.
Reactive oxygen metabolites, antioxidants
and head and neck cancer. Head Neck
1999;21:467-79.
[64] Franco EL, Kowalski LP, Olivieira BV, Curado
MP, Pereira RN, Silva ME et al. Risk factors
for oral cancer in Brazil: a case-control study.
Int J Cancer 1989;43:992-1000.
[65] Mackerras D, Buffler PA, Randall DE, Nicha-
man MZ, Pickle LW, Mason TJ. Carotene
intake and the risk of laryngeal cancer in
coastal Texas. Am J Epidemiol 1988;128:
980-8.
1239 Revue systématique
CA Righini, A Karkas, N Morel, E Soriano, E Reyt
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